Ear pain is a common symptom that can be caused by various factors. It can range from mild discomfort to severe pain and can affect one or both ears. Some common causes of ear pain include:

1. Ear infections: Infections in the middle or outer ear can cause pain. Middle ear infections (otitis media) are more common in children, while outer ear infections (otitis externa or swimmer's ear) can affect people of all ages.

2. Eustachian tube dysfunction: The Eustachian tubes connect the middle ear to the back of the throat. When these tubes become blocked or don't function properly, it can lead to ear pain, pressure, and a feeling of fullness.

3. Wax buildup: Excessive earwax can accumulate in the ear canal and cause pain, hearing loss, and a feeling of blockage.

4. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders: Problems with the jaw joint can radiate pain to the ears.

5. Sinus infections: Infections or inflammation in the sinuses can cause referred pain to the ears.

6. Trauma or injury: Injuries to the ear, such as a blow to the ear or damage from inserting objects into the ear, can cause pain.

7. Dental problems: Tooth or gum infections can sometimes cause referred pain to the ears.

Treatment for ear pain depends on the cause. Some general measures that may help alleviate ear pain include:

- Applying a warm compress to the affected ear.
- Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen.
- Avoiding activities that may worsen the pain, such as swimming or flying.
- Using over-the-counter ear drops to help relieve pain or soften earwax.
- If the pain is persistent or severe, it is important to seek medical attention. A healthcare professional can diagnose the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment, such as antibiotics for infections or referral to a specialist for further evaluation.